Everyday Types · Prady Docs

Prady features a rich, static type system designed to eliminate null pointer exceptions and catch type mismatches at compile time.

Primitive Types

Numbers

Prady provides explicit signed and unsigned integer bit-widths as well as standard floating point types:

Signed Integers: Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, and Int (default pointer-width signed integer).
Unsigned Integers: UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, and UInt.
Floating Point: Float32 and Float64 (Float defaults to Float64).

let count: Int = 100;
let microTime: UInt64 = 1718290349;
let pi: Float = 3.14159265;

Booleans

Booleans in Prady are represented by the Bool type, which can be either true or false:

let isReady: Bool = true;
let isFailed: Bool = false;

Characters & Strings

Char represents an individual Unicode code point, while String represents a UTF-8 encoded sequence of characters:

let ch: Char = 'P';
let greeting: String = "Hello from Prady";

Strings support length checking, slicing, casing, splitting, and concatenation:

let msg = "Prady Language";
print(msg.length());             // 14
print(msg.toUpperCase());        // "PRADY LANGUAGE"
print(msg.startsWith("Prady"));  // true

Structural Collections

Arrays & Lists

Lists are dynamically-sized, contiguous buffers of elements:

let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"];
fruits.push("Date");
print(fruits[0]); // "Apple"

Maps (Dictionaries)

Maps store key-value pairs with $O(1)$ average lookup time:

let userRoles = Map<String, String>();
userRoles.set("alice", "Admin");
userRoles.set("bob", "Developer");

print("Alice role: " + userRoles.get("alice"));

Option & Result Types

Prady does not have unconstrained null or nil values. Instead, optional values and operations that might fail use Option<T> and Result<T, E>.

Option Types

Option<T> represents a value that may or may not be present:

fn findUser(id: Int) -> Option<User> {
    if id > 0 {
        return Some(fetchUserById(id));
    }
    return None;
}

You can safely unwrap or provide a default using the nullish coalescing operator ??:

let user = findUser(-1) ?? defaultGuestUser();

Next Step: Control Flow

Move on to Control Flow & Loops to see how conditional branching, iterations, and exhaustive switches work in Prady.